Fate and Free Will in William Shakespeares Macbeth Essays -- William

Destiny and Free Will in William Shakespeare's Macbeth In Shakespeare’s Macbeth, there is an inquiry with respect to whether Macbeth is driven by destiny or unrestrained choice. The three strange sisters approach Macbeth with predictions that will all work out as expected at long last. No doubt Macbeth is simply following fate from the start. Be that as it may, Macbeth consistently had a decision all through the play to pick his own destiny. Macbeth traveled to his deadly fate through his own free decision. In Act I, the three witches visit Macbeth and Banquo on the heath. The witches make three forecasts; Macbeth will be the Thane of Cawdor, he will be King, and Banquo’s children will be top dog however not Banquo. Despite the fact that the witches made these predictions, Macbeth’s destiny was not fixed. Later in a similar scene, Ross and Angus meet Macbeth. They disclose to Macbeth that he is presently the Thane of Cawdor. Macbeth at that point thinks about the expectations and says, Present feelings of dread are not exactly frightful imaginings (Act I, vii, 139). Macbeth is relating his dread that he may need to accomplish something fierce so as to become ruler however he trusts that it can occur by some coincidence. Very quickly after the witches have visited him, Macbeth starts to accept their predictions as a reality. He is practically attempting to satisfy the enticing expectations, since his psyche is lascivious for power, rather than staying faithful to the King. It is by and by clear that Macbeth controls his own predetermination when the witches show up to him...

Internet Regulations Essays - Television Technology, Video Formats

Web Regulations What is a V-chip This term has become a popular expression for any conversation developing media communications guideline and TV appraisals, however not very numerous reports characterize the new innovation in its fullest structure. A fundamental meaning of the V-chip; is a microchip that can disentangle data sent in the vertical blanking of the NTSC signal, intentionally for the control of brutal or dubious topic. However, the range of the new chip is a lot more prominent than any working definition can include. A conversation of the V-chip must incorporate a thought of the specialized and moral issues, notwithstanding inspecting the unavoidably of any law that may concern gauges set by the US government. However in the space accommodated this article, the center will be the specialized viewpoints and expenses of the new chip. It is difficult to by and large accept that the V-chip will take care of the brutality issue of communicate TV or that including this little gadget to each set will be a first revision encroachment. We can, be that as it may, discover signs through looking at the chilly realities of communicate TV and the effect of a compulsory guideline on that free communicate. Using the EIA's Recommended Practice for Line 21 Data Service(EIA-608) determination, these chips unravel EDS (Extended Data Services)program appraisals, contrast these evaluations with watcher norms, and can be customized to take an assortment of activities, including total blanking of projects. Is one meaning of the V-chip from Al Marquis of Zilog Technology. The FCC or Capitol Hill has not set any principles for V-chip innovation; this has permitted various organizations to build chips that are comparable yet not accurate or conceivably not good. Each chip has focal points and detriments for the rating's framework, destined to be created. For instance, a few units use onscreen programming, for example, VCR's and the Zilog item do, while others are thinking about set top alternatives. Likewise, various organizations are utilizing various strategies for parental control over the chip. Another issue that these new gadgets may cause when remembered for each TV is a space. The NTSC signal incorporates additional data space known as the subcarrier and Vertical blanking interim. As clarified in the citation from Mr. Marquis, the V-chips will utilize a certain area of this space to send basic rating numbers and focuses that will be looked at to the character settings in the chip. Numerous new advances are being produced for keen TV or information communicate on this piece of the NTSC signal. Essentially the V-chip will seriously limit the transfer speed for elite transmission of information on the NTSC signal. There is additionally to be cost to this new innovation, which will be passed to purchasers. Assessments are that each chip will cost six dollars discount and should be planned into the TV's rationale. The V-chip could without much of a stretch push the cost of TVs up by twenty five or then again more dollars during the main long periods of creation. The a lot less difficult arrangement of set top boxes permits control for the individuals who need it and permit those customers who don't to spare cash and utilize new information innovation. Another cost will most certainly be exacted to TV sponsors for the update of the transmitting gear. Climate the V-chip encoding signal is included upstream of the transmitter or straightforwardly into uplink units and other hardware expected for communicate; this cost should made up for in publicizing deals and costs. The V-chip guideline may likewise require another staff representative at most stations to adequately rate privately disclosed projects and occasions. Each of the three of these questions have been tended to in minute detail. Most discussion has centered upon the new appraising framework and its usage. Despite the fact that similarly significant, this doesn't manage the ground floor worries for the TV delivering and broadcasting ventures. Presently as individuals from the business we should hold our breath until either the fed thumps the breeze from free communicate with compulsory evaluations' gadgets, or permits the characteristic guideline to proceed. Innovation Essays

Book Riots Deals of the Day for June 7th, 2019

Book Riots Deals of the Day for June 7th, 2019 Sponsored by The Collected Schizophrenias by Esmé Weijun Wang These deals were active as of this writing, but may expire soon, so get them while they’re hot! Todays  Featured Deals I Hate Everyone But You by Gaby Dunn and Allison Raskin for $2.99. Get it here, or just click on the cover image below. The Color Purple by Alice Walker for $1.99. Get it here, or just click on the cover image below. Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe for $1.99. Get it here, or just click on the cover image below. In Case You Missed Yesterdays Most Popular Deals How to Write an Autobiographical Novel: Essays by Alexander Chee for $2.99. Get it here, or just click on the cover image below. If I Was Your Girl by Meredith Russo for $2.99. Get it here, or just click on the cover image below. Previous Daily Deals That Are Still Active As Of This Writing (Get em While Theyre hot!): The Night Circus  by Erin Morgenstern  for $2.99 Behind the Throne  by Adrian Tinniswood  for $3.99 The Poppy War  by R. F. Kuang  for $2.99 Claire Dewitt and the City of the Dead  by Sara Gran  for $2.99 All the Ugly and Wonderful Things  by Bryn Greenwood  for $2.99 Carrie  by Stephen King for $2.99 Hogwarts: an Incomplete and Unreliable Guide  by J.K. Rowling  for $2.99 Short Stories from Hogwarts  by J.K. Rowling  for $2.99 That Kind of Mother  by Rumaan Alam for $1.99 Secondhand Time by Svetlana Alexievich for $4.99 The Hypnotists Love Story by Liane Moriarty for $1.99 The Hike  by Drew Magary  for $4.99 Cant Escape Love  by Alyssa Cole  for $1.99 Jade City by Fonda Lee for $4.99 The Paper Magician by Charlie N. Holmberg for $1.99 Soulless (Parasol Protectorate Series Book 1) by Gail Carriger for $4.99 The Girl with the Red Balloon by Katherine Locke  for $1.99 Gods, Monsters, and the Lucky Peach by Kelly Robson for $3.99 The Invisible Library by Genevieve Cogman for $0.99 Half-Resurrection Blues by Daniel José Older for $2.99 Cant Escape Love by Alyssa Cole for $1.99 Leaves of Grass by Walt Whitman for $0.99. Cane by Jean Toomer for $2.78 The Haunting of Tram Car 015 by P. Djèlí Clark for $3.99 A Quiet Life in the Country by T E Kinsey for $3.99 Empire of Sand by Tasha Suri for $4.99 Life and Death in Shanghai by Nien Cheng for $4.99 Binti  by Nnedi Okorafor for $1.99 Binti: Home  by Nnedi Okorafor for $2.99 Binti: The Night Masquerade by Nnedi Okorafor for $3.99 Instant Pot ®  Obsession: The Ultimate Electric Pressure Cooker Cookbook for Cooking Everything Fast by Janet A. Zimmerman for $2.99 Rosewater by Tade Thompson for $4.99 A Princess in Theory: Reluctant Royals by Alyssa Cole for $5.99 Tell the Truth Shame the Devil by Lezley McSpadden with Lyah Beth LeFlore for $0.99 Magic Bites by Ilona Andrews for $2.99 Once Ghosted, Twice Shy by Alyssa Cole for  $1.99 Whatever Happened to Interracial Love? by Kathleen Collins for $3.99 In Search of Lost Time: Volumes 1-7  by Marcel Proust  for $0.99 Prime Meridian  by Silvia Moreno-Garcia for $3.99 The Mirror Empire by Kameron Hurley for $2.99 I Met a Traveller in an Antique Land  by Connie Willis for $0.99 Soy Sauce for Beginners by Kirstin Chen for $3.99 Silver Phoenix by Cindy Pon for $2.99 Dragonflight: Volume I in The Dragonriders of Pern by Anne McCaffrey for $2.99 A Curious Beginning by Deanna Raybourn for $2.99 George by Alex Gino for $3.99 My Soul to Keep (African Immortals series) by Tananarive Due for $3.99 Destinys Captive by Beverly Jenkins for $1.99 Howls Moving Castle by Diana Wynne Jones for $2.99 A Rogue By Any Other Name by Sarah MacLean for $1.99 Assassin’s Apprentice (The Farseer Trilogy, Book 1) by Robin Hobb for $2.99 The Price of Salt by Patricia Highsmith for $0.99 Sign up for our Book Deals newsletter and get up to 80% off books you actually want to read.

Should Vaccines Be Required By Law - 1670 Words

Should Vaccines be Required by Law? Introduction The Center for Disease Control estimated that 732,000 American children have been saved by vaccines in the last ten years. Vaccines should be required by law so that we can protect ourselves by building our immunity to preventable illnesses, in an easy, quick, and inexpensive fashion, helping stop major epidemics, and in conclusion, save lives. Body Con 1 - Vaccines weaken a person s immune system, and can in cases make someone ill. Vaccines are sometimes unreasonable because our immune system can defend itself, and at time can make things worse. Another problem with vaccines is that majority of the time a child s immune systems can deal with most infections naturally (Vaccines†¦show more content†¦There were also similar cases in Japan and Sweden (Turkington and Ashby). Experts came to the conclusion that the lack of vaccines brought back pertussis in all three cases (Turkington and Ashby). We don t notice the effects of vaccines because many of the illnesses they prevent are now rare, with their effects now forgotten (Kwok). A vaccine is a mix of potentially infectious agents, or some noninfectious part, given to build up a resistance (Stratton). There are four main groups of vaccines: those containing living infectious organisms, those containing infectious agents killed by physical or chemical means, those containing living organisms, and ones containing parts of microorganisms (Stratton). The vaccinated person s immune system then learns to recognize the bacteria as a threat and develops defenses against that specific bacteria so when an individual is exposed to the live version of the bacteria, his or her body is prepared to defend itself. (â€Å"New Vaccines may be cheaper, work better.†) Con 2 - Complications to the vaccines, and the possible cause of illness or reactions can be risky. Vaccinations are not without controversy. Some parents worry about the possible side effects of vaccines can potentially harm their children. Who should not be vaccinated: anyone who has had a serious allergic reaction to a previous shot, anyone with a severe allergy to eggs should not receive MMR, flu, or yellow feverShow MoreRelatedVaccinations: Vaccine and Vaccines Health Center1291 Words   |  6 PagesShould Parents have the right to not vaccinate their children? | GE217 | Ashley Starrett | Should parents have to right to say whether their child should be vaccinated or should it be automatically required? Many parents do vaccinate their children; however there are some that are against putting foreign substances in their child’s body. If parents choose not the have their child vaccinated then how do they go about getting them into school because most schools require students to have aRead MoreVaccinations Should Be Mandatory Vaccinations Essay1595 Words   |  7 Pages â€Å"If everything is God s will, then so is the invention of the vaccine, just like the seatbelt.†-Els Borst. This is relevant because if vaccinations were not an effective medical advancement, then they would not have ever been created or used. Vaccinations should be required by governments for the well being of everyone, with the exception of religious obligation. A resistance to vaccine requirements is that some people think vaccinations are propaganda from the government as some s ort of moneyRead MoreWhy Parents Should Not Parents1103 Words   |  5 PagesWhether or not parents should vaccinate their children has been something many parents have had to contemplate since the creation of the first vaccine in 1796. There is the constant battle of whether they should protect their kids against diseases or refrain from pricking them with a multitude of vaccines that could contain ingredients that go against their beliefs. Some vaccines contain ingredients such as aborted fetal tissue or animal residue which many parents think is unethical to inject intoRead MorePersuasive Essay On Vaccines976 Words   |  4 Pages (not finished, please check the three page assignment part thank you) Vaccines are the treatment that helps the human body produce an immunity against certain diseases. Most people in the US have gotten some kind of vaccination in their life and routinely get check ups. But some people in the US have not gotten vaccines at all because of their parents not getting vaccines for them or because they don’t believe that vaccines actually work. Parents and adults also think that the ingredients mightRead MoreEssay Childhood Vaccinations: A Game of Russian Roulette?1551 Words   |  7 PagesEvery parent wants to do what is best for their children and protect them from harm. No parent would allow their child to play with a loaded weapon, even with the safety on, and expect the best outcome. It would never happen. But it does. With every vaccine that is given, we are playing Russian roulette with our children’s lives. Childhood vaccinations have replaced common childhood illness as a â€Å"rite of passage† for many young children. Many parents, at the recommendation of their physician, diligentlyRead MoreShould Vaccinations Be Mandatory?1652 Words   |  7 PagesAudrey Miller Research Paper Draft Laura Thompson 10/21/15 Should Vaccinations be Mandatory? In today’s society, it is very common for parents to have their children vaccinated and to be vaccinated themselves. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (Source 1), more than 80% of children from the ages of 19 months to 35 months were immunized for several different diseases. I myself have always been vaccinated, but I believe that it is a person’s right to decide whether or notRead MoreShould There Be Mandatory Vaccinations for Children Entering School?1582 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"Should there be mandatory vaccinations for children entering school?† There are many diseases that are preventable with the use of vaccines such as measles, pertussis, polio and rubella. In the United States, Massachusetts became the first state to mandate vaccinations for children upon entering school in 1855. Since then each state has added or amended various requirements of the vaccination schedule. However, various exemptions exist to override vaccinations such as religious reasons, or medicalRead MoreVaccination Of Vaccination And Vaccination1585 Words   |  7 Pages Vaccination is widely considered one of mankind’s utmost medical achievements. Diseases that were not long ago commonplace in society are now increasingly rare due vaccines. Despite this, the United States continues to allow vaccination exemptions for children on the basis of religious or philosophical beliefs. Today, the vast majority of states allow religious exemptions and a smaller, but still substantial, number of states permit the more troubling philosophical exemptio ns. The exemptions compromiseRead MoreSitting In That Room, You Wait Anxiously For The Arrival1343 Words   |  6 Pagesrubs the wipe on your arm. Then she counts down, â€Å"3-2-1.† That is when you feel the pinch of a needle. That was not so bad, considering that the vaccine is going to protect you. Parents should make their kids get vaccinated because it protects them from the diseases that run through the world. Fear of autism is leading to a fear of vaccines; however, vaccines are critically important for children’s health. Disneyland, California is supposed to be one of the happiest and most magical place on EarthRead MoreVaccinations Of The Smallpox Vaccine1687 Words   |  7 Pagessmallpox vaccine in 1798. Because of his discovery, Jenner contributed to the overall annihilation of the disease in 1979 after the vaccine was implemented in different medicines throughout the world (source). Following Jenner, many others produced vaccines to help reduce the fatalities of common diseases such as measles, polio, and rubella, which were once responsible for millions of deaths every year. Now, there is almost no risk of catching these fatal illnesses. Even after vaccines were made

Discuss the Main Factors Affecting Product Pricing in the Uk

Discuss the main factors affecting product pricing in the UK Two surveys on the price-setting behaviour of UK firms published by the Bank of England in 1996 and 2008 concluded that the price, the amount of money expected, required or given for a certain level of output, was most often set as a result of market conditions1. The same report however found that the second largest price differential was the objective of the specific firm surveyed1, and thus product pricing in the UK can be seen to be determined by the interaction between these objectives and the market structures that bind how firms operate. In the UK these dominant structures are monopolistic, oligopolistic and perfectly competitive, within which there are differing degrees†¦show more content†¦While this does explain only a change in price, not its actual determination, it is effective in presenting why product pricing under oligopolistic market structure can be seen to be relatively stable at point P. That is not to say that firms will not sell their output at different prices in order to increase market share. In the aforementioned oligopolistic market of tour operators, 3rd degree price discrimination can be practised by charging two sets of consumers with differing price elasticities of demand for the same product (price elasticity of demand for the time duration of a holiday becoming more inelastic at around 7 days) contrasting prices, and thus firms can extract consumer surplus from buyers and convert this into supernormal profit. This in turn can be used to defend market position through the cross subsidisation of other markets in which it operates, thereby artificially altering price and driving competitors out of the market. It must ensure however, that the cost of separating the two markets is not greater than the profit made, through the regulation of the resale of flight tickets, for example. However, there is some debate as to whether Friedman’s doctrine of the pursuit of profit has any relevance to modern day corporations; a recent study by ShipleyShow MoreRelatedProduct and Price680 Words   |  3 Pages Discuss the main factors affecting product pricing in the UK. †¢ Product and price: one of the 7 ps †¢ Pricing of a product is extremely crucial for a business because â€Å"the price of your product can either break or make your business†[i] †¢ Examples of any 2 companies where pricing has helped in it’s success and other where it has caused a major downfall: Wal-Mart have gained and retained leadership position in its industrysimply because of their  unique pricing strategy. They devisedRead MoreDiscuss Factors Affecting Product Pricing Ih the Uk1186 Words   |  5 PagesDiscuss factors affecting product pricing in the UK. Product pricing in the UK is dependent on several factors. Market structures such as monopoly and oligopoly play a major part in setting price. Market structures can then influence the objectives and behavior within a firm (Sloman amp; Wride, 2009). This can lead to the use of different pricing strategies, thus having varied effects on the level of price set. Traditional theory suggests that a firms’ main objective is profit maximizationRead MoreMain Factors of Product Pricing in the Uk1416 Words   |  6 Pages Discuss the main factors affecting product pricing in the UK? The Oxford English dictionary defines price as â€Å" a value that will purchase a definite quantity, weight, or other measure of a good or service†. Simply put, the price of an object represents the overall demand for that product at a specific time. However, every firm had a different ideology about price and they way they set price. One of these main factors that affect price is the actual objective of the firm. Traditional theory suggestsRead MoreTesco Business Environment3406 Words   |  14 Pagesand customers confidentiality; to develop a diversification on food and non-food products; to develop retailing services: Tesco Bank, Tesco Mobile, Petrol Stations and Tesco.com Task 1 a. Examine the various type of organizational missions and thir purpose and compare the missions, goals and the strategic objectives of your chosen organization with a similar organization. The main types of organisation on U.K. are: Sole trader - a person who is providing the financialRead MoreHnd Business Enviroment Level 5 Essay3475 Words   |  14 Pagesgoals of an organisation. Business organisations belong to various different categories including the private, public and non-profit sectors. This assignment will discuss a business organisation from each of those sectors, outlining the purpose, objectives, and stakeholders of each. It will also discuss the different ways that global factors and market structures can impact each of those companies. CONTENTS PAGE : L01 Understand the organisational purposes of business Identify the purpose ofRead MoreBusiness Case Study : Tata Motors3754 Words   |  16 PagesNov 2014). In the last decade Tata Motors has taken over iconic brand of UK the Jaguar Land Rover, They also have been involved in other countries and has joint venture with Japanese companies Hitachi. Tata has various brand in the car industry like Tata Sierra, Tata Indica and in 2008 they launched the cheapest car in the world which is Tata Nano. Tata Motors is now a renowned automobile manufacturer in India and with the UK arm is now moving slowly has a global player around the world. The companyRead MorePest Analysis of Airline Industry3460 Words   |  14 PagesAnalysis†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦4 1.2 - Competitive Advantage Analysis†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..5 1.2.1 - Strategic Groups†¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦6 1.2.2 - ‘Generic’ Analysis†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦7 2.0 - External influences and drivers affecting NEXT†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦.8 2.1 - PESTLE Analysis†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...8 2.2 Industry Analysis†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...10 3.0 - Value Adding Activities of NEXT†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦12 3.1 - Resource Audit†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Read MoreAssignment Sainsbury3791 Words   |  16 Pageschain based in the UK. Sainsbury is engaged in grocery retailing through its supermarkets and convenience stores principally in the UK. The company operates its business through three divisions, namely, Retailing, Financial Services and Property Investment. Sainsbury serves its customers through a chain of 537 supermarkets and 335 convenience stores under the brand Sainsburys, and financial services via Sainsburys Bank. Sainsbury offers around 30,000 food and non-food products and services. The companyRead MoreMetropol Zoo Strategic Marketing Management Essay4566 Words   |  19 PagesQUESTION 1 2 2.2 QUESTION 2 5 2.3 QUESTION 3 10 3.0 APPENDIX 14 4.0 REFERENCES 18 1.0 INTRODUCTION From the case, it is stated that Metropol Zoo has to make a major decision because of its poor performance over the past few years. External factors such as economy, government decisions, change in consumer behaviour and competition contributed to it. Now, it has to make a decision whether to take up virtual reality (VR) technology to make the zoo more appealing to customers or continue the wayRead MoreThe Concepts Of Marketing And Marketing3747 Words   |  15 Pagesfamously known as the â€Å"4P’s of Marketing†(stated by McCarthy in 1960) Product, Price, Placement or Place and Promotion Product - The first of the Four Ps of marketing is product. A product may be sometimes a tangible good or an intangible service that meets a need or desire of consumers. Whether you sell custom pallets or wood products or provide high end accommodations, it’s critical to have a definite grasp of exactly what your product is together with what makes it special before you can successfully

Importance of Management’s Budget Free Essays

Budgeting is not really something that should be discussed, but rather something that every company should be using in order to properly evaluate its financial possibilities, as well as to plan ahead the company’s financial spending and investments, corroborated with any financial liabilities. As analysts have pointed out, â€Å"a budget is simply (1) a tool to increase your consciousness of how and where you spend your money and (2) a guideline to help you spend your money on the things that are most important to you†1. These two components of a budgeting definition should be showing us why budgeting is so important and why everyone should be opting for it. We will write a custom essay sample on Importance of Management’s Budget or any similar topic only for you Order Now So, budgeting greatly helps with two different components. One of them is the fact that it shows where the money is actually going. In other words, the company using a budgeting tool will know exactly the expenses it has assumed, as well as any investments it has committed to during a certain period of time. Further more, the budgeting tool is essential in determine projects which are actually essential for the company, in other words, projects which bring added value to the company. The logic behind this is quite simple: after determining how much you are actually willing to spend during an investment or financial period, you need to decide what you want to spend the money on. Budgeting helps here as well and, additionally, it shows you how you can actually carry out the other projects which do not fit on the initial list. Budgeting should be considered a long-term strategy, with all the implications this brings about. In this sense, we should point out towards the fact that budgeting shows a concern for the long-term evolution of the company, with the top management needing to consider in the budgeting scheme not only the present projects and those that may appear as a necessity in the short run, but also projects with a medium and long term implication, projects that could bring significant revenues in the future, but who need to be included into present budgeting schemes. Nevertheless, we may consider some of the negative implications that budgeting could bring about in the company. One of these refers to any long-term projects, where the initial evaluation did not lead to the expected result. We may have, in this sense, projects that have been included in budgeting schemes, projects for which money have been allocated and which, in time, do not achieve the expected results and returns. One may actually point out towards the fact that if these projects had been dealt with at their specific time, they would have probably been evaluated to their true potential. While such an evaluation may be true, this does not deny the fact that a large proportion of projects that have been included for the budgeting evaluation will have resulted in good returns for the company. Additionally, project which are not successful do not necessarily reflect a bad budgeting strategy, so they should not be considered an evaluation tool. Overall, we may point out towards the fact that a proper and well-worked budgeting strategy is bound to bring about a healthy and successful financial situation within the company. Further more, a budgeting policy will have reverberations among the overall strategy that the company is determined to apply. How to cite Importance of Management’s Budget, Essay examples

Tradition and Dissent in English Christianity free essay sample

Taking everything in consideration from my Tutors remarks from previous assignment mainly keeping my work in my own words. Compare the evidence of Reading 3. 1 with other evidence in the chapter for the reign of Elizabeth 1. Exploring English Christian beliefs and practises and how English churches looked. Consider how many changes made to the English church were made in the reign of : Henry V111 Edward V1 Mary 1 And the lasting mark of Elizabeth the 1 Keep main focus on comparing and contrasting the evidence for English Christianity at two different times. Assignment 04 Option 1 Tradition and Dissent in English Christianity How different was English Christianity in the reign of Elizabeth 1 (1558 – 1603) from that of the childhood of Roger Martyn (born c. 1527) The core teachings and beliefs in English Christianity relate to Jesus of Nazareth, the Christ (4 BCE- 29CE) Their beliefs that Jesus is both human and divine. That humankind is sinful signifying estrangement from God as well as moral wrongdoing. We will write a custom essay sample on Tradition and Dissent in English Christianity or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page That Jesus is the son of God and has never sinned , the essential means of reconciliation between God and humankind. In the new testament the teaching of Jesus have unique spiritual and moral authority. That Jesus carries on to live in heaven after his death on the cross and his miraculous resurrection which overcame the power of sin and death. Everyone that truly believes in Jesus have the chance of forgiveness of their sins in this world and in the world to come; eternal life. God sent the Holy Spirit after Jesus life on earth to initiate and empower the church in continuing its witness to the central truths. Christianity teaches us that God exists in three forms, the Father who created the world; the Son ‘Jesus’ who saved humankind; and the Holy Spirit the presence of God as part of a persons religious experience. (John Wolffe, pg 74) Roger Martyn description of the church – a local man recalling how it was when he was a young child in the 1530’s; helps understand how much has changed since. The exterior of the church building in figure 3. 1, which was originally built in the fifteenth century with its large chapel at the end is how Martyn remembers it apart from the tower which had been added towards the early twentieth century. The interior of the church building is less decorated now and looks quite plain next to what it looked like in the early sixteenth century. The church is the visual inspiration to Christians to pray The notion of what it meant to be religious to Roger Martyn was to participate in rituals, processions and in the music whilst in mass perceiving the presence of God during the ceremony with prayers and songs and the ceremony of the consecrated bread and wine. Also meant to read through relevant materials which helped to visualise and learn Christian teaching and to live by them and to be present in church and being observant of the annual cycle of the holy days. Christianity was central to the life of Martyn village community as a whole. (John Wolffe, pg 76) The religious world described was largely brushed off England during the middle decades of the sixteenth century. The Protestants believe that salvation depends upon each one’s actions, on personal father rather than be taking part in ceremonies within the church and that their beliefs had direct spiritual inspiration from God rather than listening to priest and bishops. Protestants ultimate authority is the original text of the Bible rather than the church’s traditions. The concept of purgatory was rejected they believe the ones living in true faith in Christ went straight to heaven after death; those who had not were sent straight to hell. Church buildings had to become plainer as the colourful rituals and images were seen as a distraction and had to be covered up from the necessary spiritual realities. Changes took place in four phases The first being between (1527-47) King Henry the V111 conflict with the papacy was not initially religious but personal as the pope refused to dissolve his marriage to his first wife Catherine of Aragon. This prevented him from being able to marry Anne Boleyn and denying him the opportunity of fathering a son heir. This being the kings reason and Parliament renounced the authority of the pope in 1533 and King Henry went on in abolishing convents. During King Henry the English church continued to be traditional in both doctrine and religious practices. The second between (1547- 1553); King Henry’s death in 1547 created radical religious change led by his own son who was England’s first monarch raised as a protestant. It was during Edwards reign that Protestantism for the first time in England was reformed that included the abolition of clerical celibacy and the Mass and the imposition of compulsory services in English. The architect of these reforms was Thomas Cranmer, Archbishop of Canterbury, whose Book of Common Prayer is still used. http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Edward_VI_of England Protestants influence grew through Thomas Cranmer’s work. The third phase the restoration of Catholicism (1553-1558), the reforms of Edward V1 were not fully implemented as the king died and taking control was his sister Mary 1 who enforced Catholicism; facing opposition from the smaller group of persuaded protestants and one of which was the Archbishop Cranmer and some were burnt at the stake whilst others were sent in exile. The return of the older religious tradition was welcomed, or at least accepted. The fourth stage the establishment and stabilisation of the Church of England (1558 – 1603); when Mary died Elizabeth 1 succeeded to the throne. Henry V111 and Anne Boleyn, a convinced Protestant but also a smart politician who wanted religion to unite everyone instead of dividing her subjects. The church of England’s position was made clear in Protestants terms in the act of uniformity of 1559 which imposed the use of Protestants forms of prayer contained in the book of prayer and the thirty nine articles of 1563 which indicated the doctrine of the church; also keeping some traditions like the orders of the bishops. (John Wolffe, pg 78/79) The differences between the Catholic and Protestants; in Catholic churches the Pope is the head of the church â€Å"The pope which means Father just as Catholics call priest ‘Father’ as the Pope represents God Our Father who loves, and has made us and who sent his Son Jesus to die on the cross to save us. (papal visit) For a long time the Catholic church was the main place available for prayers, all was though the same message in the same environment, liking it or not as punishment would mean going to hell; with the doom paintings in the churches reinforcing this belief and that hell is the place you went to if you did wrong to spend eternity there. The first difference was the head of the church. In Catholic Churches, the pope is the head of the church, and it is claimed that he is a mediator between God and mankind, whereas Protestants believe that Jesus is the only man that can take that role, and therefore, have no Pope. The head of a Protestant church is the King. The final difference is the language that the bible was written in. In Catholic churches, the bible was written in Latin, and as a result of that uneducated people, who tended to be poorer, couldnt read it as they couldnt speak Latin. However, in Protestant churches, the bible was translated into vernacular so that anyone could read it. A Protestant church is also a lot less grand. While Catholic Churches have elaborated decorations, statues and stained glass windows, Protestant Churches have none of those features, so that church-goers could focus on the word of the minister. Catholics believe Churches should be decorated to show Gods glory. Decorations including paintings and statues of Jesus and the saints, candles, gold and jewels.

Concept of Culture essays

Concept of Culture essays Assignment B-Concept of Culture Essay Anthropology is the field of inquiry that studies human culture and evolutionary aspects of human biology. Anthropology is derived from the Greek words, anthropos, meaning human, and logos, meaning word or study of. Anthropologists examine such topics as how people live, what they think, what they produce, and how they interact within their environment. Culture refers to the ways of life that are learned and shared from one generation to the next. Usually people within the same society share the same culture, so anthropologists use the terms society and culture interchangeably. Being that anthropology is a broad field of study, most anthropologists choose from one of four subfields to specialize in. The subfields are cultural anthropology, archaeology, linguistic anthropology, and physical anthropology. The focus of cultural anthropology is the characteristics of human behavior. The interest is of present-day people and the societies they live in. The beginning of cultural anthropology is found to have started in the nineteenth century, when the Europeans became observant of what they called primitive societies in Africa and Asia. Cultural anthropologists study the topics such as: the interaction between people, the ideals they hold, the way they make their livings, and the organization of the establishments in which they live. On the other hand, archaeology is the study of the past, rather than living, human societies and culture. Archeologists main concern is with culture; they rely on artifacts left by past societies. There is found to be a connection between the artifacts left from an ancient society to the nature of that society. Another focus is on the past environments, this gives an understanding of how environmental forces shaped the growth of human culture. One of the most uniquely human charac ...

The Khmer Empire Water Management System

The Khmer Empire Water Management System The Angkor civilization, or Khmer Empire, was a complex state in southeast Asia between AD 800 and 1400. It was remarkable, among other things, because of its extensive water management system stretching across over 1200 square kilometers (460 square miles), which connected the natural lake Tonle Sap to large man-made reservoirs (called baray in Khmer) through a series of canals  and permanently altering the local hydrology. The network allowed Angkor to flourish for six centuries despite the difficulties of maintaining a state-level society in the face of successive dry and monsoon regions. Water Challenges and Benefits Sources of permanent water tapped by the Khmer canal system included lakes, rivers, groundwater, and rainwater. The monsoonal climate of southeast Asia divided the years (and still does) into wet (May-October) and dry (November-April) seasons. Rainfall varies in the region between 1180-1850 millimeters (46-73 inches) per year, mostly in the wet season. The impact of water management at Angkor changed natural catchment boundaries and eventually led to erosion and sedimentation of channels requiring considerable upkeep. Tonle Sap is among the most productive freshwater ecosystems in the world, made so by the regular flooding from the Mekong River. Groundwater in Angkor can today be accessed at ground level during the wet season and 5 meters (16 feet) below ground level during the dry  season. However, local groundwater access varies greatly across the region, with bedrock and soil characteristics at times resulting in a water table as much as 11-12 m (36-40 ft) below the ground surface. Water Systems Water systems were used by the Angkor civilization to cope with the vastly changing water quantities included raising their houses on mounds or stilts, building and excavating small ponds at the household level and larger ones (called trapeang) at the village level. Most trapeang were rectangular and generally aligned east/west: they were associated with and perhaps controlled by the temples. Most temples also had their own moats, which were square or rectangular and oriented in the four cardinal directions. At the city level, large reservoirs- called baray- and linear channels, roads, and embankments were used to manage water  and may have formed an intercommunication network as well. Four major baray are in Angkor today: Indratataka (Baray of Lolei), Yasodharatataka (East Baray), West Baray, and Jayatataka (North Baray). They were very shallow, between 1-2 m (3-7 ft) below ground level, and between 30-40 m (100-130 ft) wide. Baray were built by creating earthen embankments of between 1-2 meters above the ground level and fed by channels from natural rivers. The embankments were often used as roads. Archaeologically-based geographic studies of the current and past systems at Angkor suggests that Angkor engineers created a new permanent catchment area, making three catchment areas where there once was just two. The artificial channel eventually eroded downward and became a river, thereby altering the natural hydrology of the region. Sources Buckley BM, Anchukaitis KJ, Penny D, Fletcher R, Cook ER, Sano M, Nam LC, Wichienkeeo A, Minh TT, and Hong TM. 2010. Climate as a contributing factor in the demise of Angkor, Cambodia. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 107(15):6748-6752. Day MB, Hodell DA, Brenner M, Chapman HJ, Curtis JH, Kenney WF, Kolata AL, and Peterson LC. 2012. Paleoenvironmental history of the West Baray, Angkor (Cambodia). Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 109(4):1046-1051. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1111282109 Evans D, Pottier C, Fletcher R, Hensley S, Tapley I, Milne A, and Barbetti M. 2007. A new archaeological map of the world’s largest preindustrial settlement complex at Angkor, Cambodia. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 104(36):14277-14282. Kummu M. 2009. Water management in Angkor: Human impacts on hydrology and sediment transportation. Journal of Environmental Management 90(3):1413-1421. Sanderson DCW, Bishop P, Stark M, Alexander S, and Penny D. 2007. Luminescence dating of canal sediments from Angkor Borei, Mekong Delta, Southern Cambodia. ​Quaternary Geochronology 2:322–329.

Writing Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 2

Writing Assignment - Essay Example This paper will critically analyze the book Frankenstein by Shelley on the teachings of the actions we take whether they are justifiable and redeemable in our current world. At the end of the book, the creature promises to destroy himself. This is highly not justifiable for this creature. The creature reasoning as to commit suicide is as a result it had the feelings of human nature. The creature felt mistreated and segregated. The main driving force was the realization that Frankenstein his own creator had abandoned him. In search to kill the creator the creature came to Frankenstein had died, it felt lonely as that was the family he ever knew was all gone, (Shelly p 68). The moral teaching is that everyone needs to have a sense of belonging. The creature lacked this love and therefore had to react this way. The creature could have been redeemed. The creature had no harm to any other living organisms like the plants and birds of the air. The creature had some sense of humor. Despite having destroyed the Frankenstein’s family. The creature didn’t cause any physical or psychological harm Robert Walton, (Shelly p 69). Frankenstein as seen in the Shelly novel, he created a creature and abandoned the creature without having taken fully responsibility of his creation. This relates very well to the many things that need our attention and jokingly we neglect them. In relation to the world this can as well be related to the irresponsible parents who bear children and fail to bring them up in the right quality life. These kind of neglected individuals are frustrated and have no true meaning of life. When these children grow up and realize what happened in their early life, the first victims are the parents, (Shelly p 22). The parents will have to pay the price for having neglected their uncontrollable children who then end up in crime. The issue of

HCI Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

HCI - Assignment Example This application could benefit students especially those who happen to be very committed. Such software would help students participate more in class by making things easier for them. Students relax as they wait for their lecturer to come to class and comment on their work but if they would share their work among themselves, comment on each other’s work and share learning material, they would more active. This paper entails the development of a possible mobile application that can unify a team of students around a design, especially in a class. The application can only be used in smart phones or tablets. The mobile application in this project would enhance the exposure to relevant information which would grant students a chance for creating, analyzing and evaluating information hence developing their critical thinking skills. After accessing collective information from classmates, a student will synthesise the information into ideas and present reasonable work (Microsoft.com, 2013). This process alone will encourage crucial thinking and more importantly, their scepticism. Students would also be encouraged to share all they learn in class and beyond their class setting. They would also be able to process their researches properly and then discuss all their concerns with their lecturers. The audience targeted by the mobile application are mainly students and their lecturers, but parents could be part of the audience in order to monitor their children closely. Typically, team sharing leads to increased communication amongst the team members, which would be a significant improvement to the students given the use of the proposed mobile application. Due to its aspect of allowing the sharing of data, the mobile application will offer students a platform perfect for study group formation (Microsoft, 2013). Teachers may also join by setting up pages with regard to particular projects and lesson plans. Students may not be the only ones to collaborate but also

Tackling Health Inequalities A Challenge Health And Social Care Essay

Tackling Health Inequalities A Challenge Health And Social Care Essay Tackling health inequalities is a challenge faced by policy makers and health practitioners This assignment will critically discuss how Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) may be tackled, drawing on the current evidence based thinking and social policies on tackling health inequalities. Over the past 30 years, there have been a number of strategies proposed to tackle health inequalities. They have all largely focused on improving the health of the most disadvantaged groups, reducing the gap between the best and worst off and improving health across the whole gradient. (Graham, 2004) The above will also be discussed below. The World health Organisation (WHO) 1999 global strategy of achieving health for all is fundamentally directed towards achieving greater equity in health between and within populations. This implies that all people have an equal opportunity to develop and maintain their health, through fair and equal access to resources for health. Targets in England also aim to improve the health of the disadvantaged groups and that of the population as a whole and also closing the health gap (Secretary of State for Health, 1999). Similar targets have been set up in Wales, Scotland and Ireland with the aim of tackling health inequalities (Graham, 2004). A health gradient approach in tackling health inequalities directs attention to the systematic differences in life expectancy and living standard associated with peoples position in the socio economic hierarchy (Graham, 2004). Tackling health inequalities needs to focus on the causes of health inequality and health damaging behaviours associated with peoples unequal position in the socio- economic hierarchy (Graham, 2004). Improving the health of the poor groups and improving their position relative to other groups is an important strategy in reducing the socio-economic gradient. However, the Department of Health (DOH) (2002a) emphasises that to meet national targets and make progress on tackling health inequalities interventions must reach more than the most disadvantaged. Marmot (2010) also points out focusing solely on the most disadvantaged will not reduce health inequalities Graham (2004) adds that, to improve the social gradient, policies need to be associated with absolute imp rovements in health for all socio-economic groups with a rate of improvement which increases at each step down the socio-economic ladder. The White Paper: Saving Lives: Our Healthier Nation, published in July 1999, aimed to improve the health of the population as a whole, improve the health of the worst off in society and narrow the health gap (DOH, 1999a). Narrowing the gap between the worse and better off, requires absolute improvement, raising the health of lower socio- economic groups faster than the higher socio economic groups (Graham, 2004). However, Graham (2004) points out that in a society where overall rates of health are improving absolute improvement in their health may be insufficient to narrow the gap between the worse and better off. Wagstaff ,Paci and Van Doorslaer,(1991) also add that focusing on the worst off can obscure what is happening to intermediate groups, experiencing poor health consequently compromising health across the socio-economic hierarchy. The White Paper set targets to be achieved by 2010, of which included reducing the death rate in people aged 75 years from CHD by at least two fir ths (DOH, 1999). A budget of  £96m was allocated to these programmes, however the White Paper aimed at the population as a whole and didnt set any specific national targets for reducing health inequalities (Shaw et al, 1999).Consequently there was no significant improvement in health inequalities. Public health policy has been redefined to give more emphasis to tackling systematic health differences of advantaged and disadvantaged groups (Graham, 2004). Improving the health of the worst off and reducing poverty is the governments main target in tackling health inequalities. However, targeted policies may have negative effects on the health of other groups, either in absolute or relative terms (Graham, 2004). The Black Report (1980) and the Acheson Report (1999) recommended prioritising the health of families with children, reducing income inequalities and improving standards of poor households (Acheson, 1998). Reducing child poverty and improving circumstances of children would have long term effects on reducing health inequalities (Acheson, 1999). The government set targets to reduce Child poverty by half, by 2010 and eradicate child poverty by 2020 (DOH, 1999). The elderly people are more likely to be diagnosed with CHD, and if in poverty this can worsen the condition. The S tate Retirement Pension needs to high enough to provide a financial security in old age, however the current government have increased the retirement age to 67 years, which may increase income inequalities in the elderly people. The older one gets the less hours they work earning less income. Furthermore, getting the unemployed into jobs across the gradient is another way of tackling poverty. Marmot (2010) argues that jobs need to offer a minimum level of quality; a decent wage and flexible hours to enable people balance work and family life. Good working conditions can reduce the risk of developing CHD. However, getting people into low paid, insecure and health damaging work will increase the exposure to poor health therefore increasing health inequalities. For individuals such as the permanently sick or house bound, employment may not be the solution out of poverty. Furthermore, it would be impossible to reduce unemployment if there are no jobs available (WHO, 2008). In April 1999, the government also introduced the National minimal wage, this policy was aiming at reducing in work poverty and decrease the number of individuals dependant on social security (DOH, 1999). Deprivation during utero and childhood has lifelong consequences in adulthood life. It is important that all pregnant women are able to afford an adequate diet and have a continuum of care from pre- pregnancy and through pregnancy (WHO, 2005b). Shaw et al (1999) suggested that maternity allowances should be increased, especially for women dependent on income support or low paid jobs. Also to increase benefits to support families with children. However with the current government and its initiatives to cut cost, this may not be achievable. Furthermore, physical, social and emotional health is important in child development and these have an influence on education, occupational opportunities and life chances (Marmot, 2010). Marmot (2010) suggests that giving every child the best start in life is crucial in tackling health inequalities across the gradient. He recommended increasing the proportion of overall expenditure to the early years and ensuring that the expenditure is focused progressively across the social gradient. This includes providing good quality in early years education and childcare proportionately across the gradient. However, educational and other individual-based approaches tend to be taken up disproportionately by the more affluent, which tend to widen health gap (Bambra et al, 2010) Quality housing free of cold and damp is a basic need for healthy living. Shaw et al (1999) point out that poverty can be reduced by raising the incomes and standard of living of poor families with children, disabled and elderly people. The Central and Local government should increase the value of welfare benefits and pensions and improve social infrastructures including social housing and public services (Shaw et al, 1999). Marmot (2010) also recommended creating and developing healthy and sustainable places, which will improve social capital thus removing barriers to community participation and action across the social gradient. Authorities should ensure urban planning such as increasing street lights and safe pedestrian walkways in order to improve physical activity. This promotes good physical and psychological well-being and safe behaviours, which are essential for health equality. Furthermore, access to big supermarkets through investment in active transport can improve access to healthier food choices among low income groups. However, improving access to supermarkets and advising people on healthy food will not be effective solutions if the price of fresh fruit and vegetables is high. Having a balanced healthy diet that has low and fat will reduce the risk of CHD (Lindsay and Gaw, 2004). Central government could restrict the food industry on the amount of fat and salt levels put in foods (Shaw et al 1999). Maintaining physical activity for at least 30mins at a time can reduce risks to CHD. Investing in public services for example leisure centres, play areas for children, physical activity can be promoted. However some of these public services come with a cost. Worrral et al, (1997) points out that there is unequal distribution of health resources as the more health resources go out to the richer households than to the poorer households. To improve access to health resources authorities need to conduct regular audits to enable the redirection of resources to the disadvantaged communities. The government published the New White Paper, Choosing health: Making healthier choices in 2004, which aims to support individuals and promote informed healthier choices especially those in disadvantaged groups (DOH, 2004). However, making choice is difficult to exercise if lacking the resources necessary, particularly the disadvantaged. Tackling smoking is a key intervention that can rapidly reduce the number of early deaths among CHD incidences. There have been a lot of campaigns and educational programmes encouraging individuals to make healthier choices. These have included preventing people from starting to smoke; smoking cessation especially disadvantaged adults and pregnant smoking women, and protecting non-smokers from tobacco smoke through introducing Smoke free zones (DOH, 2010). And a regulatory control of alcohol consumption such public houses and bars closing early and minimal age limit on alcohol consumption. However, enforcing smoke bans and alcohol regulations are viewed to be effective methods but asking poor people to change risky behaviour when they cannot afford a proper meal or warm clothing and yet use smoking as a means of escape from their plight might not be sufficient enough to reduce health inequalities. Individuals from worse social circumstances have considerably high level of cardiovascular risk than those ones from better off circumstances (Bambra et al, 2010).Marmot (2010) recommended the need for early detection and prioritising prevention of chronic diseases related to health inequalities across the social gradient. Harkin et al (2010) estimated that an equal uptake of effective primary prevention across all socio economically disadvantage groups can reduce inequalities. However equality in health care services may not be sufficient enough to end health inequalities. The DOH (2000) proposed a national screening programme for all people aged 40-74 to assess their risk of developing heart diseases. The use of statins is another key intervention that can rapidly reduce the number of early deaths among CHD incidences The use of cholesterol lowering drugs is based on an individuals level of risk for future cardio vascular events. If everyone in the UK aged 45- 74 with clinical evid ence of CHD were treated with statins for five years, about 22,000 deaths and major clinical events would be avoided(Davey smith and Ebrahim, 1999;1097). Recently attention has been given to the role of the National Health Service (NHS) in promoting public health and reducing inequalities in health. The NHS aims to develop a systematic approach to treating people at risk from chronic diseases and encouraging more people to adopt a healthy life style (Macintyre, 2000). Part of NHS funding is spent on prevention; however most of the major influences on population health such as poor housing, unemployment and poverty lie outside the NHS. More so, health promotion strategies focusing on individual behaviours such as smoking, diet and exercise are more commonly taken up by those in the affluent societies (Macintyre, 2000). Therefore these intervention need to engage fully the deprived populations otherwise this may widen the health inequalities. While the health of the population may be improving, policy makers have a considerable duty to inform and develop strategies which can contribute to greater equality in health. Allocation of resources in tackling Coronary heart disease should consider cultural and behavioural lifestyles, material circumstances and, psychosocial pathways within social class and across the gradient. Focusing on the most disadvantaged will not reduce health inequalities dramatically. More so, to reduce the stepwise social gradient in health targets should aim at bringing levels of the lowest socio economic groups closer to the national average standard.

Failure and futility Themes in “1984” and “Never Let Me Go” Essay

Comparison of how Orwell in 1984 and Ishiguro in Never Let Me Go use failure and futility in human relationships as a theme in their dystopian novels As humans, we judge ourselves by how others perceive us and seek to conform to a universally accepted code of ethics and laws. It is this inherent value that we possess, a conscience that make us different from animals and it is also what is missing to a large extent in Orwell’s â€Å"1984† and Ishiguro’s â€Å"Never Let Me Go†. The futility of relationships in these works is part of what makes the worlds in which they are based seem so bereft of hope and consequently, dystopia in nature. In Orwell’s vision of humanity’s future, the only truly acceptable thing to ‘love’ is Big Brother. The Party restricts all other love so as to break down the ties between family, friends and lovers whilst transferring this loyalty to the Party itself as a form of control. The Party is said to have, â€Å"cut the links between child and parent, and between man and man, and between man and women.† This does not just show the breakdown of re lationships, but the reduction of the self. The Party is removing the essential links that allow humanity to be more than a collective of individuals and instead uses this to its own ends, although what these are, beyond a desire for control, we never truly discover. It is partly this lack of knowledge of the Party’s overall goals that makes the situation seem so desperate, it is as though love is being removed without explanation or justification, making the whole process seem devoid of hope as there is no specific element against which to rebel. A similar lack of knowledge also plagues the children of Hailsham in â€Å"Never Let Me Go†. Their future is not clearly explained; instead it is an undercurrent to their education that leaves them prepared for, but not truly conscious of, their fate. As Miss Lucy says, the students have been, â€Å"told and not told.† The situation is much the same for the reader, we learn with the children about their function. Thus we can empathise with the characters; the reader feels a part of the story. Setting it in the 1990s also adds to this sense as it is easy to associate with our own lives. It is for this reason that cloning is a key feature of dystopic fiction from the late twentieth and early twenty first centuries as it does not seem a distant concept but a real possibility. Some may see keeping the children in the dark over their fate as a kindness, however in many ways it seems a further cruelty that they are allowed to hope when this will avail them nothing. Miss Lucy goes on to tell  the children that they had been, â€Å"created†, that they were, â€Å"brought into this world for a purpose†¦ [with] futures, †¦ decided.† This is an indication of what is to come for the students, gaining more meaning the further the reader progresses through the novel, it is in reflecting upon events that the true horror is revealed. It is also a symbol of their relationships with the outside world. They cannot become part of a society we would recognise, for this is not their â€Å"purpose† and so they are kept apart from it. The world of the chil dren seems lonely and isolated for this reason, especially so as it is told to them, and us, as fact by someone in a position of authority. This version of their future seems inevitable and so any hope Ishiguro builds in the minds of the reader in the rest of the novel seems almost foolish, as we have been told that Kathy and her companions have only one path to follow. Orwell uses similar devices in â€Å"1984†. We are told in the first chapter after Winston writes in his diary that â€Å"The Thought Police would get him† and yet through the novel, largely thanks to his relationship with Julia, we come to feel that there may be a chance for him. However, as in â€Å"Never Let Me Go†, this is crushed. Both Orwell and Ishiguro give their characters and their audiences hope and despite all else that is wrong in their worlds, they have an intrinsic human emotion to hold on to, but when both stories conclude, this feeling is shown to have been futile and misleading. The traditional structure of society in â€Å"Never Let Me Go† is altered, as there is clearly a subsection of humanity that the dono rs inhabit which is not apparent in our own lives. However, Ishiguro’s world is not so different from our own, Hailsham seems like it could easily be a twentieth century boarding school with the result that the events have a more profound effect on the reader. Orwell uses a slightly different technique as the structure of human life is reduced in â€Å"1984† rather than altered. It is carried out up to the point where, â€Å"No one dares trust a wife or a child or a friend†. Instead they turn to the only thing in their life that seems concrete, Big Brother. The Spies are the ultimate example of this because the Party has managed to sever the paternal bond, which should be stronger than almost anything else. The extent to which this is achieved is shown by Parson declaring he is, â€Å"proud† of his daughter for denouncing him as it proves that he, â€Å"brought her up in the right spirit.† It is as though the greatest achievement for a parent has become to create a tool for the  party. Winston sums this up by saying, â€Å"The terrible thing the Party has done was to persuade you that mere impulses, mere feelings, were of no account, while at the same time robbing you of all power over the material world.â₠¬  To protect and nurture your offspring is a natural instinct, but the Party has removed this and in doing so has reduced humanity. It is this that makes the breakdown in the family so crucial to Orwell’s dystopic literature, if the feelings had been punished there is hope for salvation but by removing them, there is no hope for a future where the family is once again a pivotal element within a person’s life. When Orwell was writing there was a strong feeling of despair amongst modernist authors and artists relating to the fracturing of society and the reduction of tradition’s role in people’s lives. This is clearly shown in â€Å"1984† through characters such as Parson. Orwell’s reduction of traditional structures is shocking but also hard to relate to, as it seems so extreme. It can be said that Ishiguro’s alteration may not have the same immediate impact, however this slight apathy is caused by the situation presented being all too possible. On reflection this serves to makes it more disturbing; many groups in society are marginalised and so it is not difficult to imagine a situation where there are ‘clones’ amongst us yet not with us who are treated as an inferior race. Ishiguro demonstrates this through the use of the word, â€Å"completion† when the donors die. This is much like a euphemism for death, something else that is treated as taboo, but â€Å"completion† has far more sinister connotations. It suggests the donors have fulfilled their â€Å"purpose†, particularly as the word â€Å"completion† is usually associated with a positive outcome. This can be interpreted as Ishiguro, as a post-modern author, suggesting that a society relying on such a complex structure, is capable of dehumanising and exploiting the death of fellow humans. This is unlike Orwell in â€Å"1984† who bemoans the fracturing of traditional structures, however both show how the breakdown in relationships and marginalisation of certain groups can remove some essence of humanity and it is through this that the authors present their works as dystopic. Winston identifies this loss when he says â€Å"The Proles are human beings†¦ We are not human† because in comparison to Party members, â€Å"They were not loyal to a party or a country or an idea, they were loyal to one another.† Winston himself recognises what it is to be human and sees how he is in some way lacking. He goes on to tell  Julia that they will inevitably be captured and this will leave them both, â€Å"utterly alone† and, â€Å"utterly without power of any kind†. The implication here is that the connection they share is what gives them power but that the Party can overcome this. Despite acknowledging what is necessary to be human and finding his own source of strength, Winston still sees himself as ultimately powerless. Rather than this moment being an epiphany, as you would expect from a traditional hero, Winston is filled with hopelessness and in turn shows his love for Julia as being ultimately futile as it cannot lead to any salvation at all. Julia’s cool acceptance of this only makes it seem more inevitable as she states, â€Å"Everybody always confesses. You can’t help it. They torture you.† The short sentences make each statement a fact rather than a possible future. However we are also given a small glimmer of hope when Winston says to Julia that the, â€Å"real betrayal† would be if they could, â€Å"make me stop loving you† and Julia responds that, â€Å"They can’t do that.† This gives the reader hope that maybe they can best the Party. They may forfeit their lives in doing so but by staying loyal they could prove that love is more powerful than the control of the Party. However this is crushed at the end when they both betray each other. Having demonstrated how important interpersonal relationships are to the nature of humanity, Orwell then shows how easily such relationships can be demolished. This perhaps more than any other feature of â€Å"1984† makes it d ystopic literature as, what is an inherent belief in many that love can overcome any challenge, is destroyed and with it the image of humanity. In â€Å"Never Let Me Go† we are led to believe that what Kathy and Tommy share could be their salvation as we believe that the ‘system’ can be overcome by love. This is shaped by countless stories with which all are familiar where love bests evil. Both Orwell and Ishiguro play on our expectation that a resolution will be found in order to shock the reader to a greater extent when it is shown that hope is lost. This happens in â€Å"Never Let Me Go† as the society presented places small value on these emotions. Miss Emily understands they have, â€Å"hoped carefully† that deferrals might exist, but has to explain to them it was only ever, â€Å"A wishful rumour.† It is this element that shows the dystopic nature of the novel as, up to this point we feel Kathy must achieve some kind of success to fulfil her role as principle character, but it doesn’t happen. The use of the word, â€Å"hoped†, is also key as this is essentially  what the story is about, it reminds the audience that for Kathy and Tommy, their love represents hope of future happiness and leading lives with a meaning beyond being someone else’s spare parts. Both â€Å"1984† and â€Å"Never Let Me Go† demonstrate how fundamental relationships are to human lives. They are what shape us, what allow us to interact with a greater society and what gives us hope. However in both novels relationships are broken down and shown to be futile, in neither do the protagonists find a way to escape their fate through love and nor do they get any real comfort from it as they are always fighting against systems that do not accredit a value to such emotions. It is when these relationships are finally proved to offer little to those involved that faith in a redeeming future is lost in and as such it is when the novels are shown to be dystopic. This is clearly a fundamental element of the authors’ dystopian literature as love tends to be what humankind clings to as the last vestige of hope in a dire situation and even this is removed from these works.

The An Lushan Rebellion in Tang China

The An Lushan Rebellion began in 755 as a revolt by a disgruntled general in the Tang Dynastys army, but it soon engulfed the country in unrest that lasted nearly a decade until its end in 763. Along the way, it nearly brought one of Chinas most glorious dynasties to an early and ignominious end. An almost unstoppable military force, the An Lushan Rebellion controlled both capitals of the Tang Dynasty for most of the rebellion, but internal conflicts eventually brought an end to the short-lived Yan Dynasty. Origins of Unrest In the middle of the 8th century, Tang China was embroiled in a number of wars around its borders. It lost the Battle of Talas, in what is now Kyrgyzstan, to an Arab army in 751. It also was unable to defeat the southern kingdom of Nanzhao — based in modern-day Yunnan — losing thousands of troops in an attempt to put down the rebellious kingdom. The only military bright spot for Tang was their limited success against Tibet. All of these wars were expensive and the Tang court was quickly running out of money. The Xuanzong Emperor looked to his favorite general to turn the tide — General An Lushan, a military man probably of Sogdian and Turkic origin. Xuangzong appointed An Lushan commander of three garrisons totaling more than 150,000 troops which were stationed along the upper Yellow River. A New Empire On December 16, 755, General An Lushan mobilized his army and marched against his Tang employers, using the excuse of insults from his rival at court, Yang Guozhong, moving from the area that is now Beijing along the Grand Canal, capturing the Tang eastern capital at Luoyang. There, An Lushan announced the formation of a new empire, called the Great Yan, with himself as the first emperor. He then pushed on toward the primary Tang capital at Changan — now Xian; along the way, the rebel army treated anyone who surrendered well, so numerous soldiers and officials joined the rebellion. An Lushan decided to seize southern China quickly, to cut off the Tang from reinforcements. However, it took his army more than two years to capture Henan, severely dampening their momentum. In the meantime, the Tang emperor hired 4,000 Arab mercenaries to help defend Changan against the rebels. Tang troops took up highly defensible positions in all of the mountain passes leading to the capital, completely blocking An Lushans progress. Turn of the Tide Just when it seemed that the Yan rebel army would have no chance to capture Changan, An Lushans old nemesis Yang Guozhong made a devastating mistake. He ordered the Tang troops to leave their posts in the mountains and attack An Lushans army on flat ground. General An crushed the Tang and their mercenary allies, laying the capital open to attack. Yang Guozhong and the 71-year-old Xuanzong Emperor fled south toward Sichuan as the rebel army entered Changan. The emperors troops demanded that he execute the incompetent Yang Guozhong or face a mutiny, so under intense pressure Xuanzong ordered his friend to commit suicide when they stopped in what is now Shaanxi. When the imperial refugees reached Sichuan, Xuanzong abdicated in favor of one of his younger sons, the 45-year-old Emperor Suzong. Tangs new emperor decided to hire reinforcements for his decimated army. He brought in an additional 22,000 Arab mercenaries and  a large number of Uighur soldiers — Muslim troops who intermarried with local women and helped form the Hui ethnolinguistic group in China. With these reinforcements, the Tang Army was able to retake both of the capitals at Changan and at Luoyang in 757. An Lushan and his army retreated east. End of the Rebellion Fortunately for the Tang Dynasty, An Lushans Yan Dynasty soon began to disintegrate from within. In January of 757, the Yan emperors son, An Qingxu, became upset by his fathers threats against the sons friends at court. An Qingxu killed his father An Lushan and then was killed in turn by An Lushans old friend Shi Siming. Shi Siming continued An Lushans program, retaking Luoyang from the Tang, but he also was killed by his own son in 761 — the son, Shi Chaoyi, proclaimed himself the new emperor of Yan, but quickly became quite unpopular. Meanwhile in Changan, the sickly Emperor Suzong abdicated in favor of his 35-year-old son, who became Emperor Daizong in May 762. Daizong took advantage of the turmoil and patricide in Yan, recapturing Luoyang in the winter of 762. By this time — sensing that Yan was doomed — a number of generals and officials had defected back to the Tang side. On February 17, 763, Tang troops cut off the self-proclaimed Yan emperor Shi Chaoyi. Rather than facing capture, Shi committed suicide, bringing the An Lushan Rebellion to a close. Consequences Although the Tang eventually defeated the An Lushan Rebellion, the effort left the empire weaker than ever. Later in 763, the Tibetan Empire retook its Central Asian holdings from Tang and even captured the Tang capital of Changan. The Tang had been forced to borrow not only troops but also money from the Uighurs — to pay those debts, the Chinese gave up control of the Tarim Basin. Internally, the Tang emperors lost significant political power to warlords all around the periphery of their lands. This problem would plague the Tang right up until its dissolution in 907, which marked Chinas descent into the chaotic Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period.

The Rise Of Social Media - 1845 Words

The rise of social media creates powerful new opportunities to communicate with colleagues, distributors, customers and the world. Social media platforms such as Twitter, Facebook, LinkedIn, YouTube and others are the emerging core of digital reputations both for Red Lion and its employees. Because social media can blend personal and professional lives, it’s important to exercise caution in using social media both at work and outside work. While new social media platforms are emerging and old platforms fading, a general definition of social media includes forms of electronic communication that create communities of users who share messages, content, videos, or other material. In addition to the platforms noted above, examples would include listserves, User Groups, blogs, microblogging, wikis, virtual social worlds (such as World of Warcraft or Second Life), and community ratings sites(such as Yelp and TripAdvisor). This document is designed to clarify the expectations the company has for employees who use social media platforms, and to help them use these platforms to enhance both the company’s and their individual reputations. As a general matter, the social media world is no different than the in-person world. The same laws, rules, policies, guidelines and best practices that govern our relationships with customers, distributors, vendors, the media (whether new or traditional), and the community all apply on-line. Employees are as responsible for their on-line posts asShow MoreRelatedThe Rise Of Social Media1248 Words   |  5 Pagesand getting the customer service culture right can make or break a business. The rise of social media There are around 7.2 billion people on the planet and nearly 3 billion are active on the Internet. From this vast audience, around 2.1 billion users are on social media and nearly 1.7 billion of them are active on these platforms. Furthermore, the most recent survey by Pew Research showed that over half of social media users are now using multiple platforms and older generations are quickly increasingRead MoreThe Rise Of Social Media1261 Words   |  6 PagesThe Rise of Social Media and Changes in Human Communication Over the past decade the use of social media has become a routine part of everyday life for people all over the world. These various forms of media, which include social networking sites such as Facebook and Twitter, media sharing sites such as Instagram and blogs have provided a new venue where people can express their opinions, ideas and experiences. Consequently, new phenomena and issues have arisen out of their increased use. The popularizationRead MoreThe Rise Of Social Media And Apps1659 Words   |  7 PagesThe rise of Social Media and apps have promised to connect people together, to unite the public in an intricate community of billions of individuals, sharing their experiences through Facebook, Snapchat, Instagram, Twitter, and more. However, the creators left a valid point out of their presentation. Social Media, though easily accessible and quick to latch onto, is seamlessly taking away normal â€Å"social† interactions. Social Media is not social because there is no physical relationship, there isRead MoreThe Rise Of The Internet And Social Media974 Words   |  4 Pagesthe heart of marketing, the core function is to create and deliver value to the consumer. The rise of the internet has seen the rise of the global consumer. Meaning businesses are not restricted by geographical location, increasing the speed and amount of potential customers within markets, presenting both a challenge and an opportunity for marketers. However since the rise of the internet and social media, Poiesz and van Raaij (2007) state that in increasingly crowded markets, and increasingly sophisticatedRead MoreThe Rise Of Internet And Social Media911 Words   |  4 PagesMain body The twenty first century has seen a huge rise in the power and use of digital communication compared to previous decades; we undoubtedly now live in a digital world, but at what cost? What if any are the implications of this fast paced and ever changing technology on society as a whole? It’s hard for people today to imagine a world without email or mobile phones, or Facebook and Twitter, or to imagine the days when to speak to someone meant having to write a letter or send a telegram. WeRead MoreMarketing and the Internet: The Rise of Social Media534 Words   |  2 PagesMarketing and the Internet The Rise of Social Media Introduction Social media in its many forms, from user-generated content to the more complex and intricate social media platforms of Facebook, Twitter and others, all present marketers with a wealth of opportunities for connecting more effectively with their customers. And these social media platforms also allow for greater reach and clarity of messaging to prospects as well. Whats behind his revolution in how social networks are changing marketingRead MoreSocial Media Experience : The Rise Of Facebook2729 Words   |  11 Pages Social Media Experience: The Rise of Facebook Research Report CCT208: Writing and Research Methods in Communication Tiffany Wong 1000691593 Professor Divya Maharajh April 8th, 2015 Abstract In this project, quantitative research was conducted to provide students and adults in our community data on how the frequent use of posting or viewing Facebook correlate to one’s emotions of narcissism or loneliness. The study was conducted to understand the motivationsRead MoreThe Rise Of Social Media And Its Impact On The Feminism Movement Essay1542 Words   |  7 Pages Media Research Literature Review The rise of Social Media and its impact on the Feminism Movement Abstract: The new media Internet, social media platforms, has been an increasingly popular tool for feminists to promote the feminism movement. With the broad reach of the internet and social media, this has led to a wider awareness of the feminist movement. The broad reach of the internet and social media however has also open the female gender to various levels of objectificationRead MoreThe Advancement Of Information Technology : The Rise Of Social Media1143 Words   |  5 Pagesinternet has led the rise of social medias. Through social media it is possible to communicate and share ideas with many people at the same time. It is also made it easier to share text messages, pictures, advertisements and videos. To many people, it is considered as a form of entertainment. However, the use of social media enhances communication. There are many types of social media and people may choose the one that suits them best. The case study points out the use of social media by different peopleRead MoreThe Rise of Social Media and Its Impact on Mainstream Journalism21031 Words   |  85 PagesWORKING PAPER e rise of social media and its impact on mainstream journalism: A study of how newspapers and broadcasters in the UK and US are responding to a wave of participatory social media, and a historic shi in control towards individual consumers. Nic Newman September 2009 Contents Executive summary and key conclusions 1. Framing the debate 2. Mainstream media motivations, doubts and dilemmas 2.1 Definitions and motivations 2.2 BBC 2.3 Guardian and Telegraph 2.4 New York Times